Rafidain Journal of Science

A type of bacteria was isolated from garden soils (rhizosphere soils of some garden plants) that showed a great antagonistic activities toward different phytopathogenic and even human and toxin-producing fungi especially Aspergillus spp. Many different tests (Gram stain, shape of cells, shape of colonies, pigment production, swarming on plate, catalase, oxidase, gelatin hydrolysis, indol, growth on salt medium, blood hydrolysis,...) were done for the identification of this bacteria, and the results showed that this bacteria was belonged to the genus of Paenibacillus spp. Also the active antifungal compounds were isolated from this bacteria and many tests were done to partially characterize the nature of the compounds produced by this bacteria.

A new electrochemical method for measuring the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase (GOT) in human blood serum was developed based on the appearance of a voltammetric peak current of oxalacetate at -0.4 V vs. (Ag/AgCl, 3 mol/L KCl) as a reference electrode using phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) as a supporting electrolyte. It is successfully applied for measuring GOT activity in certain diseases such as: Liver cirrhosis and Myocardial infarction, as well as normal cases. The results of our proposed method were compared with those obtained from colorimetric method for 38 specimens of human blood serum. A good relationship between the two methods were obtained with a correlation coefficient (r = 0.9976).

A series of N-(2-Pyridyl) anthranilic acids (Ia-f) have been synthesized by Ullmann reaction. Cyclization of (Ib,d,f) by phosphorusoxy chloride (POCl3) gives substituted 5-chlorobenzo [b][1,8] naphthyridine compounds. The reaction progress was followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), rate flow (Rf) values was recorded, spectral data (IR) and (U.V) were recorded. Elemental analysis (CHNS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometery (GC/MS) were carried out for some of the synthesized compounds.

A series of N-(5-substituted 1,3,4–thiadiazol-2-yl maleimides (14-18) were prepared by cyclization of corresponding maleamic acids (7-12).These acids were prepared by the reaction of 2-amino-5-aryloxymethyl–1,3,4–thiadiazoles (1-6) with maleic anhydride. The starting amines (1-6) were prepared from different aryloxyacetic acids and thiosemicarbazide .
The structure of the prepared compounds was suggested in the light of IR and UV Spectroscopy.

A number of heterocyclic compounds (7-14) were prepared by the reaction of α-bromo ketones (3,4) with 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4(thiadiazole or oxadiazole) and 5-phenyl-1,3,4-triazole-2-thiol. Moreover, on heating under reflux of α-bromo ketones (3,4) in the presence of ethanol with thiazole derivatives (5,6) (was prepared from the reaction of α-bromo ketone (3,4) with thiourea), compounds (7,8) were obtained. The structure of the synthesized compounds have been elucidated by their physical and spectral methods .

A spectrophotometric method has been described for the determination of pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) in pure and pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on coupling reaction of vitamin B6 with diazotized p-nitroaniline in alkaline solution in the presence of CTAB to form an azo dye which has maximum absorption at 480 nm. Beer's law is obeyed over a range of 5-500g/25ml with a molar absorpitivity of 2.7 × 104 l. mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell sensitivity index of 0.0076 g.cm-2, a relative error +0.22 to + 0.47% and a relative standard deviation of ± 0.11 to ± 0.98%, depending on the concentration level. The proposed method has been applied successfully to the determination of vitamin B6 in pharmactical preparations.

This work involves indirect determination of catechol compounds using flow-injection electrochemical detector. The detector based on the three-electrodes system, banana paste [which contained the polyphenyl oxidase (PPO) enzyme] as working electrode, auxiliary electrode Pt wire and silver/silver chloride, saturated potassium chloride Ag/AgCl .sat.KCl as reference electrode. The PPO enzyme in banana paste motivates the oxidation of the two hydroxyl groups in catechol to the o-quinone which is then reduced at(-0.65)V back to catechol. The reduction current was recorded and it is proportional to concentration of catechol. The technique has been applied to adrenaline hormone

In this work we studied the dependence of the Cosmological parameters (the Hubble H(t) and deceleration q(t) parameters) on the red shift through the scale factor R(t), so we obtained two relations for the parameters. Assuming the scale factor as a function of time to the power  and (t), we found other sets for the parameters H(t) and q(t). The derived relations for H(t) and q(t) coincides with the well-known relations for the parameters.