Rafidain Journal of Science

Abstract

This study gives a special indication about the ability of callus tissues of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedling stems in uptake of copper oxide Cu₂O nanoparticles with concentration (30,60,90,150) µg ml^-1 which reflect their important role in phytoremediation, and in the same time the nanoparticles have role in improve callus growth and fresh weight. The positive role of growth regulators NAA and BA it become clear in induction the callus of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plant. The result showed superiority of 150 µg ml^{-1 in encourage the increase of the fresh weight of the callus which developing on MS mediums that supported with growth regulator 0.5 mg ml-1} NAA and 1.0 mg ml^-1 BA. Where the average fresh weight of the callus was 7.1 gm, 12.9 gm after 20 and 40 days of the growth respectively. Compared  with the fresh weight of callus  developing on same medium without nanoparticles where the average of the fresh weight was 4.1 gm, 6.2 gm after 20 and 40 day of the growth respectively, similarly the same concentration of nanoparticles above encourage the highest fresh weight when added alone in nutritional medium where it was 2.2 gm, 3.6 gm after 20 and 40 day of the growth respectively in compared with the other treatment. The Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) pictures explained the ability of callus tissues in uptake of nanoparticles on the surface of their cells in variant quantity according to the different concentration that used.